A supermassive black hole swallowed a star, shattered it, and ejected a unique beam of light from its center.
Inside scientific research report A previously unknown black hole was known to observers after it passed very close to a star and was swallowed, astronomers published Wednesday.
The astronomers then observed a stream of “post-emergence flares,” which experts refer to as the Tidal Decay Event (TDE), running straight ahead, gushing out of the cataclysm. towards the world.
The scientific paper, published Nov. 1, states, “The event began when an unfortunate star approached the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in an almost parabolic orbit and disintegrated into a stream of gas debris.” 30. “About half of the mass remained attached to the black hole, undergoing general relative apsidal motion as the gas fell back towards the epicenter, and then produced strong shocks at the self-crossing point.”
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The ejected beam—the AT2022cmc, or an “infrared/optical/ultraviolet light curve”—was initially red, then decayed to a blue hue within four days, the scientists said.
The astronomers added: “Optical and ultraviolet observations revealed a rapidly fading red ‘flare’ that rapidly transitions to a slow blue ‘plateau’, enabling the study of two components produced by tidal disruption: the relativistic jet and the thermal component, remnants of bound stars deposited on top of the black hole. “
The blasted debris was so bright that astronomers used the TDE. dwarf galaxy a million light years away.
The article added: “Observations of a bright counterpart at other wavelengths, including X-ray, submillimeter, and radio, support the interpretation of the AT2022cmc as a jetted TDE with a synchrotron.”
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TDE was discovered in February. Prior to 2022, the scientific news journal received the article about it in April 2022, and the research was finally accepted in October 2022.
TDEs have been observed before, such as the AT 2020neh in June 2020.
The Herschel Space Observatory has shown that galaxies with the most powerful, active, supermassive black holes at their cores produce fewer stars than galaxies with less active black holes.
(Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)
Co-author and UC Santa Cruz astronomer Ryan J. Foley said this initial discovery will lead astronomers to find other TDEs and new dwarf galaxies.
“This discovery has caused widespread excitement because we can’t just use tidal disruption events to find more intermediate mass. black holes “In silent dwarf galaxies but also to measure their mass,” Foley said in a scientific paper jointly published Nov.
The discovery took years of research, as the distant galaxy was first observed in June 2020 and confirmed by Young Supernova Experiment data. Observed again from 1 July 2020 to 17 July 2020; then from 5 August 2020 to 6 September 2020.
The scientific paper states, “Over 24 months of YSE operations, we have observed only one AT 2020neh-like event, each tracking areas for approximately 6 months. This equates to one event per year within the YSE observation volume.”
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These unique discoveries could result in more discoveries in distant galaxies that would not be detectable without the visible light from the explosion.
