New images for the first time James Webb Space Telescope They uncovered star-barred galaxies at a time when the universe was a quarter of its present age.
Star bars are longitudinal features of stars that extend from the centers of galaxies to their outer disks. They accelerate star formation by flowing gas into central regions.
In a publication, the University of Texas said finding barred galaxies would require scientists to fine-tune their theory of galactic evolution, noting that the Hubble Space Telescope had never detected bars at such a young age.
For example, galaxy EGS-23205 appears blurred in a Hubble image, while the image from Webb is more prominent, revealing a spiral galaxy with a clear bar of stars.
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JWST’s power to map galaxies at higher resolution and at longer infrared wavelengths than Hubble allows it to peer through dust and reveal the basic structure and mass of distant galaxies. This can be seen in these two images of the galaxy EGS23205, seen as it was about 11 billion years ago. In the HST image (left, taken in the near-infrared filter), the galaxy is little more than a disk-shaped speck obscured by dust and affected by the glow of young stars, but in the corresponding JWST mid-infrared image (taken last summer), a beautiful spiral with a clear bar of stars galaxy.
(Credit: NASA/CEERS/University of Texas at Austin)
The James Webb Space Telescope has a larger mirror, which gives it the ability to gather more light and allows it to see farther with higher resolution.
as he observed Longer infrared wavelengths than HubbleHe can also see through the dust better.
“I took a look at this data and said, ‘We’re dropping everything else,'” Shardha Jogee, professor of astronomy at The University of Texas at Austin, said in a statement describing the data from Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science. Survey (CEERS).
Ball Aerospace chief optical test engineer Dave Chaney, X-ray & Cryogenic Facility at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala.
(Credit: NASA/MSFC/David Higginbotham)
Another barred galaxy, EGS-24268, is also about 11 billion years old, making the two barred galaxy even older than previously discovered.
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The international research group highlighted these galaxies in a paper published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters and cited examples of four other galaxies from more than 8 billion years ago.
Assembly of JWST images showing six sample barred galaxies, two of which represent the highest reexamination times quantitatively identified and characterized to date. Labels in the upper left of each figure indicate the reexamination time of each galaxy, ranging from 8.4 to 11 billion years ago (Gyr), when the universe was only 40 to 20% of its current age.
(Credit: NASA/CEERS/University of Texas at Austin)
Two undergraduate students played a key role visually navigating hundreds of galaxies and looking for what can be analyzed with a more rigorous mathematical approach.
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Bars also help form supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies, leading the gas part of the path.
The university said the existence of these rods challenges theoretical models and the team will test different models in additional studies.
“This discovery of early rods means that models of galaxy evolution now have a new way through rods to accelerate the production of new stars in the early stages,” Jogee said. Said.
